Bad breath: why it happens and how to fix it

Bad breath is very common and can be embarrassing, but in most people the cause is in the mouth and can be treated.

Why does breath smell?

Bacteria in the mouth break down food particles and dead cells and release smelly gases. Common reasons:

• Coating on the tongue, where bacteria collect, especially at the back
• Plaque and tartar between teeth and along the gums
• Gum disease, which gives a persistent, unpleasant smell
• Cavities and food stuck in or between teeth
• A dry mouth, because saliva normally washes the mouth clean
• Strong foods such as onion and garlic, which pass into the breath after digestion
• Tobacco, which dries the mouth and leaves its own smell

Waking up with bad breath is normal, because saliva slows at night.

What helps every day?

• Brush twice a day for two minutes, including along the gum line.
• Clean your tongue gently from back to front with a tongue cleaner or the brush.
• Clean between your teeth once a day. See flossing and cleaning between teeth.
• Drink water through the day, especially if your mouth feels dry.
• Clean dentures daily and take them out at night if your dentist has told you to.

What about mouthwash?

A mouthwash can freshen breath for a short time, but it does not treat the cause. If the smell keeps coming back, something needs fixing. See do you need a mouthwash?.

When it is not just brushing

If your breath is still unpleasant after a week or two of careful cleaning, have your mouth examined. Gum disease and cavities are the usual finds, and scaling often makes a clear difference. If the dentist finds nothing in the mouth, they may suggest you see a doctor, because sometimes the cause is in the nose, throat or elsewhere.

Will it go away?

Often yes, once the cause is dealt with. Be wary of anything that promises a quick end to bad breath without finding the cause.

When to see a dentist

Come in if the smell persists, if your gums bleed, or if you notice a bad taste from one area. Dental check-ups are available at both our clinics, in Sayan and on Chhaprabhatha-Variyav Road. Use the booking button below to ask for an appointment.